Lightweight cryptographic primitives, such as block ciphers, stream ciphers, and hash functions that fit constrained environments are continuously being devised. As more and more lightweight primitives are suggested, more and more of them are found to fail in providing their security goals, as cryptanalytic results such as meet in the middle attacks are developed. In the talk, we shall discuss recent advances in the development of these primitives, as well as the recent advances in breaking them, and the implications of these advances on the field of design and cryptanalysis of lightweight encryption schemes.